{"id":25228,"date":"2020-08-09T01:02:56","date_gmt":"2020-08-08T17:02:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/yongyuandecaogen.com\/?p=25228"},"modified":"2020-08-14T07:07:08","modified_gmt":"2020-08-13T23:07:08","slug":"%e7%be%8e%e5%9b%bd%e5%8e%86%e5%8f%b2-017-%e6%97%a0%e4%bb%a3%e8%a1%a8%e4%b8%8d%e7%ba%b3%e7%a8%8e","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yongyuandecaogen.com\/?p=25228","title":{"rendered":"\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 017 – \u65e0\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u7eb3\u7a0e"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u4e0a\u7bc7\u300a\u4e54\u6cbb\u56fd\u738b\u753b\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u7ebf\u300b<\/a>\u91cc\u9762\u54b1\u4eec\u8bf4\u5230\uff0c\u56fd\u738b\u4e54\u6cbb\u7ed9\u5317\u7f8e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u753b\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u7ebf\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4eba\u6c11\u8d8a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6761\u7ebf\u5411\u897f\u5b9a\u5c45\uff0c\u8fd9\u8ba9\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u5f88\u4e0d\u723d\u3002\u54ea\u77e5\uff1f\u66f4\u52a0\u4e0d\u723d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u8fd8\u5728\u540e\u9762\u5462\uff01<\/p>\n

\u6253\u4ed7\u8981\u82b1\u94b1\uff0c\u4e00\u573a\u8de8\u5927\u897f\u6d0b\u7684\u6218\u4e89\u82b1\u94b1\u66f4\u591a\u3002\u6cd5\u56fd\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u6218\u4e89\u8ba9\u82f1\u56fd\u82b1\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u94b1\u6b20\u4e0b\u5927\u7b14\u503a\u52a1\uff0c\u503a\u5f53\u7136\u8981\u7531\u5168\u4f53\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u6765\u8fd8\uff0c\u8fd9\u5168\u4f53\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u5f53\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u5305\u62ec\u5317\u7f8e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u4eba\u5462\uff1f\u66f4\u4f55\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd9\u573a\u6218\u4e89\u5c31\u662f\u4e3a\u5317\u7f8e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6253\u7684\uff0c\u5317\u7f8e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u4eba\u66f4\u5e94\u8be5\u51fa\u94b1\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5bf9\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u507f\u8fd8\u503a\u52a1\uff0c\u4e54\u6cbb\u00b7\u683c\u4f26\u7ef4\u5c14(George Grenville)\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u653f\u5e9c\u63a8\u52a8\u8bae\u4f1a\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u5bf9\u8fdb\u53e3\u5230\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u5546\u54c1\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u7cd6\u523b\u4ee5\u91cd\u7a0e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6cd5\u6848\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u300a\u7cd6\u6cd5\u300b(Sugar Act)\u3002\u6cd5\u6848\u4e8e1764\u5e74\u83b7\u5f97\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e3a\u63d0\u9ad8\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7a0e\u6536\u507f\u503a\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u9879\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8bae\u4f1a\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u300a\u8d27\u5e01\u6cd5\u300b(Currency Act)\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u81ea\u5df1\u53d1\u884c\u7eb8\u5e01\uff0c\u5e76\u8981\u6c42\u5728\u6240\u6709\u5546\u4e1a\u4ea4\u6613\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u9ec4\u91d1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u884c\u4e3a\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u4f9d\u8d56\u82f1\u56fd\u3002\u8bae\u4f1a\u8fd8\u51b3\u5b9a\u6267\u884c\u300a\u8d38\u6613\u548c\u901a\u822a\u6cd5\u300b(Acts of Trade and Navigation)\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u6cd5\u5f8b\u65e9\u57281650\u5e74\u4ee3\u5c31\u5df2\u901a\u8fc7\uff0c\u4f46\u4e00\u76f4\u6ca1\u6709\u4e25\u683c\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u8981\u6c42\u4e25\u683c\u6267\u884c\u6765\u589e\u52a0\u7a0e\u6536\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e0b\u5317\u7f8e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u4eba\u4e0d\u5e72\u4e86\uff0c\u4e00\u6765\u6253\u4ed7\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u94b1\u51fa\u529b\uff0c\u4e3a\u6b64\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u8fd8\u5927\u53d7\u5f71\u54cd\u3002\u8fb9\u7586\u7684\u4eba\u672c\u4ee5\u4e3a\u6253\u8d62\u4e86\u6cd5\u56fd\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u653e\u624b\u6269\u5c55\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5230\u5185\u9646\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e54\u6cbb\u56fd\u738b\u5212\u7684\u4e00\u6761\u7ebf\uff0c\u628a\u4ed6\u4eec\u751f\u751f\u6321\u5728\u4e86\u963f\u5df4\u62c9\u5951\u4e9a\u5c71\u8109\u4ee5\u4e1c\uff0c\u90a3\u8840\u5c82\u4e0d\u662f\u767d\u6d41\u4e86\uff1f\u8fd9\u8fd8\u8981\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u518d\u62ff\u94b1\uff1f\u597d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6211\u4eec\u90fd\u5fcd\u4e86\uff0c\u4f46\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u62ff\u94b1\uff0c\u8d77\u7801\u4e5f\u8981\u5c0a\u91cd\u4e00\u4e0b\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u89c1\u5427\uff1f\u6211\u4eec\u4e5f\u6709\u8bae\u4f1a\uff0c\u5411\u6211\u4eec\u5f81\u7a0e\uff0c\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u901a\u8fc7\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bae\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e00\u8bae\uff1f\u82f1\u56fd\u8bae\u4f1a\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u51ed\u4ec0\u4e48\u201c\u4ee3\u8868\u201d\u6211\u4eec\u540c\u610f\u5f81\u7a0e\uff1f\u4e8e\u662f\u5728\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u7684\u4e00\u6b21\u57ce\u9547\u4f1a\u8bae\u4e0a\u8c34\u8d23\u4e86\u201c\u65e0\u4ee3\u8868\u5f81\u7a0e\u201d\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u8fc5\u901f\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u4e3b\u5f20\uff0c\u4ece\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u5f00\u59cb\u8513\u5ef6\u5230\u5176\u4ed6\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u82f1\u5e1d\u56fd\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9635\u75db\u5427\uff0c\u8bf4\u8d77\u6765\u8bae\u4f1a\u5236\u5ea6\u5728\u82f1\u56fd\u7531\u6765\u5df2\u4e45\uff0c\u6700\u65e9\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ffd\u6eaf\u5230\u300a\u5927\u5baa\u7ae0\u300b\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u3001\u82cf\u683c\u5170\u548c\u7231\u5c14\u5170\u7684\u8bae\u4f1a\u3002\u5317\u7f8e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u81ea\u6253\u5efa\u7acb\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u5f88\u5feb\u4e5f\u90fd\u6709\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8bae\u4f1a\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u5728\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u8bae\u4f1a\u7ba1\u7406\u4e0b\uff0c\u751f\u6d3b\u4e86\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n

\u968f\u7740\u82f1\u5e1d\u56fd\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u7684\u6743\u529b\u4ece\u201c\u56fd\u738b\u201d\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u201c\u4eba\u6c11\u201d\u624b\u91cc\uff0c\u8f6c\u79fb\u5230\u4ee3\u8868\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u8bae\u4f1a\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u56fd\u738b\u628a\u6743\u529b\u4ea4\u7ed9\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\u8bae\u4f1a\uff0c\u8fd9\u82f1\u56fd\u8bae\u4f1a\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u5317\u7f8e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u672c\u571f\u7684\u4eba\u6709\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u800c\u5317\u7f8e\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u6ca1\u6709\u653f\u6cbb\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u770b\u51fa\u6765\u8fd9\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\u5427\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u4e0d\u662f\u8be5\u4e0d\u8be5\u51fa\u94b1\u3001\u94b1\u591a\u94b1\u5c11\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5408\u7406\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\u673a\u5236\u3002\u5426\u5219\u8bae\u5458\u4eec\u6295\u7968\u8ba9\u522b\u4eba\u638f\u94b1\uff0c\u53ef\u4e0d\u90fd\u662f\u540c\u610f\u3001\u540c\u610f\u3001\u518d\u540c\u610f\u4e86\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u4e3a\u4e86\u6297\u8bae\u201c\u65e0\u4ee3\u8868\u5f81\u7a0e\u201d\uff0c\u5404\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4e4b\u95f4\u7b7e\u8ba2\u4e86\u300a\u7981\u6b62\u8fdb\u53e3\u534f\u5b9a\u300b(Non-Importation Agreement)\uff0c\u62b5\u5236\u82f1\u56fd\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u8fdb\u53e3\u3002\u8981\u6211\u4eec\u4ea4\u8fdb\u53e3\u7a0e\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u4e0d\u8fdb\u53e3\u4e86\u597d\u5427\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u82f1\u56fd\u8bae\u4f1a\u5e76\u672a\u7406\u4f1a\u8fd9\u573a\u6297\u4e89\uff0c1765\u5e74\u53c8\u901a\u8fc7\u300a\u8425\u533a\u6cd5\u300b(Quartering Act)\uff0c\u8981\u6c42\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u653f\u5e9c\u7ed9\u9a7b\u624e\u5728\u5317\u7f8e\u7684\u90e8\u961f\u63d0\u4f9b\u4f4f\u5bbf\u548c\u8865\u7ed9\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u8ba9\u5317\u7f8e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4eba\u6c11\u607c\u706b\u3002\u4ee5\u5f80\u82f1\u56fd\u6b63\u89c4\u519b\u5e76\u4e0d\u5e38\u9a7b\u5317\u7f8e\uff0c\u6cd5\u56fd\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u6218\u4e89\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u51e0\u6b21\u6218\u4e89\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u540c\u6b27\u6d32\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u8fd8\u662f\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\u6253\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6c11\u5175\u81ea\u5df1\u64cd\u529e\u7684\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u6cd5\u56fd\u4eba\u90fd\u88ab\u6253\u8dd1\u4e86\uff0c\u82f1\u519b\u8fd8\u6765\u5e72\u561b\uff1f\u4fdd\u62a4\u6211\u4eec\uff1f\u9632\u8c01\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u82f1\u56fd\u8bae\u4f1a\u7684\u63aa\u65bd\u8fd8\u6ca1\u6709\u5b8c\uff0c1765\u5e74\uff0c\u8bae\u4f1a\u53c8\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u300a\u5370\u82b1\u7a0e\u6cd5\u300b(Stamp Act)\uff0c\u8fd9\u9879\u6cd5\u5f8b\u8981\u6c42\u4ece\u62a5\u7eb8\u5230\u5408\u540c\u3001\u5951\u7ea6\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u8fde\u6251\u514b\u724c\u90fd\u7b97\u4e0a\uff0c\u51e1\u662f\u6cbe\u4e0a\u7eb8\u7684\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u90fd\u5f97\u7528\u4ece\u7687\u5bb6\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5370\u82b1\u7a0e\u4ee3\u7406\u90a3\u91cc\u4e70\u7684\uff0c\u7f34\u8fc7\u7a0e\u5e26\u6709\u7eb3\u7a0e\u6807\u8bb0\u7684\u7eb8\u3002\u8fdd\u53cd\u8fd9\u4e00\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7531\u6ca1\u6709\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u7684\u6d77\u4e8b\u6cd5\u5ead(vice-admiralty courts)\u8fdb\u884c\u7b80\u5355\u5ba1\u7406\u5c31\u80fd\u5904\u7406\u3002\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4eba\u6c11\u89c9\u5f97\u5370\u82b1\u7a0e\u672c\u8eab\u5c31\u591f\u8fc7\u5206\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u5ba1\u5224\u8fde\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4fb5\u5bb3\u4e86\u4e0e\u300a\u5927\u5baa\u7ae0\u300b\u4e00\u6837\u53e4\u8001\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002<\/p>\n

\u76f8\u6bd4\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u89c9\u609f\u592a\u4f4e\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300a\u5370\u82b1\u7a0e\u6cd5\u300b\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u8ba9\u5404\u4e2a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u56e2\u7ed3\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u53cd\u5bf9\u6bcd\u56fd\u7684\u201c\u66b4\u653f\u201d\u3002\u8bb8\u591a\u5730\u65b9\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u5982\u201c\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u5b50\u201d(Sons of Liberty)\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u793e\u56e2\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u4e86\u5bf9\u82f1\u56fd\u5546\u54c1\u7684\u62b5\u5236\u30021765\u5e7410\u6708\u5728\u7ebd\u7ea6\u53ec\u5f00\u7684\u300a\u5370\u82b1\u7a0e\u6cd5\u300b\u5927\u4f1a(Stamp Act Congress)\uff0c\u516b\u4e2a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u6d3e\u51fa\u4ee3\u8868\u3002\u4f1a\u8bae\u8d77\u8349\u4e86\u300a\u6743\u5229\u548c\u7533\u8bc9\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b(Declaration of Rights and Grievances)\uff0c\u58f0\u79f0\u5317\u7f8e\u6b96\u6c11\u7684\u4eba\u6c11\u62e5\u6709\u82f1\u56fd\u516c\u6c11\u7684\u6743\u5229\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u8bae\u4f1a\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u7a0e\u6536\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6743\u5229\u7684\u4fb5\u72af\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u9002\u5f53\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u5f81\u7a0e\u7684\u6743\u529b\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u8d28\u7591\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4eba\u6c11\u6297\u8bae\uff0c\u906d\u53d7\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u62b5\u5236\u4e4b\u82e6\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u5546\u4eba\u4e5f\u63d0\u51fa\u6297\u8bae\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u7684\u6297\u8bae\u51fa\u4e86\u6548\u679c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u6709\u9009\u7968\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u8bae\u4f1a\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e8e1766\u5e743\u6708\u5e9f\u9664\u4e86\u300a\u5370\u82b1\u7a0e\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u5bf9\u300a\u7cd6\u6cd5\u300b\u4e5f\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4e9b\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u51cf\u8f7b\u4e86\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u8d1f\u62c5\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0e\u6b64\u540c\u65f6\u53c8\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u300a\u5ba3\u793a\u6cd5\u6848\u300b(Declaratory Act)\uff0c\u65d7\u5e1c\u9c9c\u660e\u5730\u53cd\u5bf9\u4ec0\u4e48\u201c\u65e0\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u7eb3\u7a0e\u201d\u2014\u2014\u201c\u4e2d\u592e\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u4e2d\u592e\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u5c31\u6709\u6743\u5a01\uff01\u5373\u4f7f\u56fd\u4f1a\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\uff0c\u56fd\u4f1a\u4e5f\u6709\u6743\u529b\u4e3a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7acb\u6cd5\uff0c\u7ba1\u7406\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\uff01\u8fd9\u9879\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7b97\u662f\u7ed9\u201c\u4e2d\u592e\u201d\u627e\u56de\u4e86\u56e0\u5e9f\u9664\u300a\u5370\u82b1\u7a0e\u6cd5\u300b\u4e22\u6389\u7684\u9762\u5b50\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4eba\u6c11\u4f1a\u600e\u4e48\u770b\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u60f3\u800c\u77e5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5e9f\u4e86\u90a3\u4e48\u591a\u7684\u6cd5\uff0c\u53ef\u662f\u94b1\u8fd8\u5f97\u6536\u554a\uff0c\u8fd8\u5f97\u518d\u7acb\u65b0\u6cd5\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u8d22\u653f\u5927\u81e3\u67e5\u5c14\u65af\u00b7\u6c64\u7533(Charles Townshend)\u53c8\u63d0\u51fa\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u9ad8\u7a0e\u6536\uff0c\u52a0\u5f3a\u6d77\u5173\u6267\u6cd5\u548c\u7ef4\u62a4\u5e1d\u56fd\u5728\u5317\u7f8e\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u6cd5\u6848\u30021767\u5e746\u670829\u65e5\u9881\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u6c64\u7533\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u5bf9\u73bb\u7483\u3001\u94c5\u3001\u6cb9\u6f06\u3001\u7eb8\u5f20\u548c\u8336\u5f81\u6536\u8fdb\u53e3\u5173\u7a0e\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7acb\u6cd5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u9881\u53d1\u4e86\u67e5\u7f09\u8d70\u79c1\u7269\u54c1\u7684\u534f\u67e5\u4ee4\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u6ca1\u6709\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u7684\u6d77\u4e8b\u6cd5\u9662\uff0c\u8bbe\u7acb\u603b\u90e8\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u7684\u6d77\u5173\u4e13\u7f72\uff0c\u5904\u7f5a\u4e86\u4e0d\u9075\u5b88\u300a\u8425\u533a\u6cd5\u300b\u7684\u7ebd\u7ea6\u8bae\u4f1a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9a6c\u8428\u8bf8\u585e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u4e4b\u5b50\u7684\u585e\u7f2a\u5c14\u00b7\u4e9a\u5f53\u65af(Samuel Adams)\u5411\u5176\u4ed612\u4e2a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u53d1\u51fa\u201c\u901a\u51fd\u201d\uff0c\u8bf7\u5927\u5bb6\u7eed\u7b7e\u62b5\u5236\u8fdb\u53e3\u7684\u534f\u5b9a\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u62b5\u5236\u82f1\u8d27\u3002\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u7687\u5bb6\u6d77\u5173\u5b98\u5458\u6ca1\u6536\u4e86\u5546\u4eba\u7ea6\u7ff0\u00b7\u6c49\u8003\u514b(John Hancock)\u7684\u4e00\u8258\u8239\u540e\uff0c\u906d\u5230\u66b4\u529b\u6297\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u6d77\u5173\u5b98\u5458\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d3e\u519b\u961f\u8fdb\u9a7b\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u7ef4\u7a33\u3002<\/p>\n

1768\u52301769\u5e74\u95f4\u9664\u65b0\u7f55\u5e03\u4ec0\u5c14\u5916\uff0c\u5341\u4e09\u4e2a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u90fd\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u62b5\u5236\u82f1\u8d27\u7684\u884c\u52a8\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e15\u7279\u91cc\u514b\u00b7\u4ea8\u5229(Patrick Henry)\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u5f17\u5409\u5c3c\u4e9a\u8bae\u9662(Virginia House of Burgesses)\uff0c\u8fd8\u4e13\u95e8\u6210\u7acb\u4e86\u5f17\u5409\u5c3c\u4e9a\u534f\u4f1a(Virginia Association)\u4e13\u95e8\u5b9e\u65bd\u62b5\u5236\u3002\u5f17\u5409\u5c3c\u4e9a\u603b\u7763\u89e3\u6563\u4e86\u8bae\u9662\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u6fc0\u8d77\u4e86\u53cd\u82f1\u60c5\u7eea\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u8bae\u4f1a\u8feb\u4e8e\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u4e8e1770\u5e744\u6708\u5e9f\u9664\u4e86\u6c64\u68ee\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u6cd5\u6848\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u8336\u7a0e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7956\u56fd\u548c\u4eba\u6c11\u4e4b\u95f4\u77db\u76fe\u6fc0\u5316\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5e94\u6d77\u5173\u8bf7\u6c42\u6d3e\u9a7b\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u7684\u82f1\u519b\uff0c\u4fbf\u53d7\u5230\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u7684\u62b5\u89e6\u3002 1770\u5e743\u67085\u65e5\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f53\u5175\u7684\u8ddf\u4e00\u4e2a\u8001\u767e\u59d3\u5435\u4e86\u8d77\u6765\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u4eba\u4e0a\u8857\u6297\u8bae\u3002\u6258\u9a6c\u65af\u00b7\u666e\u96f7\u65af\u987f(Thomas Preston)\u4e0a\u5c09\u7387\u90e8\u5f00\u67aa\u9547\u538b\u4e86\u4e00\u7fa4\u6253\u7b97\u51b2\u51fb\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u5173\u6d77\u5173\u5927\u697c\u7684\u66b4\u5f92\uff0c\u6253\u6b7b\u4e09\u4eba\u6253\u4f24\u4e24\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\"800px-Boston_Massacre_high-res_\u8c03\u6574\u5927\u5c0f\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u968f\u540e\u82f1\u56fd\u5f53\u5c40\u4e3a\u4e86\u6de1\u5316\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u6d88\u9664\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u9a6c\u4e0a\u628a\u90e8\u961f\u64a4\u8d70\u4e86\uff0c\u4e5f\u5904\u7406\u4e86\u6709\u5173\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u88ab\u201c\u522b\u6709\u7528\u5fc3\u201d\u7684\u53cd\u82f1\u4eba\u58eb\u6e32\u67d3\u6210\u4e3a\u201c\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u5927\u5c60\u6740\u201d(Boston Massacre)\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u5267\u4e86\u5317\u7f8e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4eba\u6c11\u5bf9\u9a7b\u519b\u7684\u8d1f\u9762\u60c5\u7eea\u3002\u5404\u4e2a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7cfb\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u7d27\u5bc6\uff0c\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u6d3b\u8dc3\uff0c\u5f7c\u6b64\u5728\u540c\u6bcd\u56fd\u7684\u5bf9\u7acb\u4e2d\u62c9\u8fd1\u4e86\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u52301773\u5e74\uff0c\u300a\u6c64\u7533\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u5269\u4e0b\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u4e00\u9879\u7a0e\u6536\u5c31\u662f\u8336\u7a0e\u3002\u5bf9\u73b0\u4ee3\u4eba\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u542c\u8d77\u6765\u5fae\u4e0d\u8db3\u9053\uff0c\u4e0d\u60f3\u4ea4\u8336\u7a0e\uff1f\u4e0d\u559d\u8336\u4e0d\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\uff01<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\u4e0d\u559d\u8336\u5bf9\u5f53\u5e74\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\uff0c\u572818\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u8336\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u503c\u94b1\u7684\u8d38\u6613\u5546\u54c1\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u53e6\u4e00\u79cd\u8d27\u5e01\u3002\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u8336\u53f6\u751f\u4ea7\u5546\u662f\u82f1\u5c5e\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\u5728\u5370\u5ea6\u6709\u7740\u5e7f\u6cdb\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u7edf\u6cbb\u5370\u5ea6\u5fc5\u4e0d\u53ef\u5c11\u7684\u4e00\u5bb6\u4f01\u4e1a\uff0c\u5bf9\u82f1\u56fd\u5229\u76ca\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u7ef4\u6301\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6210\u672c\u5f88\u9ad8\uff0c\u52301770\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\u51e0\u8fd1\u7834\u4ea7\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u7ed9\u8fd9\u5bb6\u516c\u53f8\u7ebe\u56f0\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u8bae\u4f1a\u6682\u505c\u4e86\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u8fdb\u53e3\u8336\u7a0e\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u8336\u9500\u5f80\u82f1\u56fd\u66f4\u52a0\u65b9\u4fbf\uff0c\u4f46\u4fdd\u7559\u4e86\u5728\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u51fa\u552e\u8336\u7684\u8fdb\u53e3\u7a0e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u6709\u4e9b\u533a\u522b\u5bf9\u5f85\u4e86\u3002\u66f4\u7cdf\u7cd5\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u89c4\u5b9a\u4e1c\u5370\u5ea6\u516c\u53f8\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a\u8336\u53f6\u76f4\u63a5\u4ee5\u56fa\u5b9a\u4ef7\u683c\u5356\u7ed9\u4ee3\u7406\u5546\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u516c\u5f00\u62cd\u5356\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8ba9\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5546\u4eba\u53c2\u4e0e\u7ecf\u8425\u3002\u4e0d\u4ec5\u7a0e\u6536\u4e0d\u516c\u5e73\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u5546\u4eba\u94b1\u4e5f\u8d5a\u4e0d\u5230\uff0c\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4eba\u6c11\u666e\u904d\u5bf9\u201c\u56fd\u4f01\u7684\u5784\u65ad\u201d\uff0c\u738b\u5ba4\u5e72\u9884\u7ecf\u6d4e\u6d3b\u52a8\u611f\u5230\u4e0d\u6ee1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u662f\u89c9\u609f\u592a\u4f4e\uff0c\u5173\u7cfb\u5230\u56fd\u8ba1\u6c11\u751f\u7684\u8336\u53f6\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u7531\u56fd\u4f01\u7ecf\u8425\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n

\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u95f4\u7684\u8054\u7edc\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u52a0\u73ed\u52a0\u70b9\uff0c\u6563\u5e03\u53cd\u5bf9\u8336\u7a0e\u7684\u8a00\u8bba\uff0c\u62b5\u5236\u82f1\u56fd\u8336\u3002\u9a6c\u8428\u8bf8\u585e\u4eba\u8981\u6c42\u628a\u6700\u8fd1\u5230\u6e2f\u7684\u82f1\u56fd\u8336\u8239\uff0c\u7edf\u7edf\u9001\u56de\u82f1\u56fd\u53bb\uff0c\u603b\u7763\u5f53\u7136\u4e0d\u51c6\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\u57281773\u5e7412\u670816\u65e5\u591c\u91cc\uff0c\u4e00\u7fa4\u4eba\u5047\u626e\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u4eba\uff0c\u5728\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u6e2f\u5185\u767b\u4e0a\u4e09\u8258\u8336\u8239\uff0c\u628a\u4e00\u8d27\u67dc\u7684\u8336\u7ed9\u5012\u8fdb\u4e86\u6d77\u91cc\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u201c\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u503e\u8336\u4e8b\u4ef6\u201d\u3002\u53d7\u5230\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u9f13\u821e\uff0c\u6cbf\u6d77\u7684\u5404\u4e2a\u6e2f\u53e3\u90fd\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u201c\u8336\u515a\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Boston-Tea-Party-Harbor-Ives-lithograph_\u8c03\u6574\u5927\u5c0f\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u8fd8\u5f97\u4e86\uff1f\u60f3\u9020\u53cd\u4e0d\u6210\uff1f\u65b0\u4e0a\u4efb\u7684\u9996\u76f8\u8bfa\u65af\u52cb\u7235(Lord North)\u8981\u5f3a\u529b\u7ef4\u7a33\uff0c\u53c8\u63a8\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u6cd5\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9996\u5148\u662f1774\u5e743\u670831\u65e5\u901a\u8fc7\u7684\u300a\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u6e2f\u53e3\u6cd5\u300b(Boston Port Act)\uff0c\u6cd5\u6848\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u6e2f\u5173\u4e86\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u4eba\u628a\u5012\u6389\u7684\u8336\u94b1\u8d54\u4e0a\u4e3a\u6b62\u3002\u201c\u6ce2\u58eb\u987f\u503e\u8336\u4e8b\u4ef6\u201d\u4e2d\u90a3\u5e2e\u8336\u515a\u5012\u6389\u7684342\u7bb1\u8336\u53f6\uff0c\u4ef7\u503c9,000\u82f1\u9551\u3002\u90a3\u4e2a\u5e74\u4ee3\u5e74\u6536\u5165100\u82f1\u9551\u5c31\u662f\u4e2d\u4ea7\uff0c9,000\u82f1\u9551\u662f\u4e00\u7b14\u4e0d\u5927\u4e0d\u5c0f\u7684\u94b1\u3002<\/p>\n

\u63a5\u4e0b\u67655\u670820\u65e5\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u8bae\u4f1a\u53c8\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u300a\u9a6c\u8428\u8bf8\u585e\u653f\u5e9c\u6cd5\u300b(Massachusetts Government Act)\uff0c\u6388\u4e88\u56fd\u738b\u4efb\u547d\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u7684\u6743\u529b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u4e0a\u8bae\u9662\uff0c\u4ee5\u524d\u7406\u4e8b\u4f1a\u6210\u5458\u4e5f\u662f\u6c11\u9009\u3002\u300a\u653f\u5e9c\u6cd5\u300b\u8fd8\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u603b\u7763\u7684\u4efb\u514d\u6743\uff0c\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u4e5f\u7531\u6cbb\u5b89\u5b98\u6307\u5b9a\uff0c\u4e0d\u518d\u7531\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u4eba\u6c11\u9009\u3002\u66f4\u52a0\u4e25\u5389\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u300a\u653f\u5e9c\u6cd5\u300b\u7981\u6b62\u672a\u7ecf\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6216\u603b\u7763\u660e\u786e\u6388\u6743\u7684\u57ce\u9547\u4f1a\u8bae\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd8\u6709\u300a\u53f8\u6cd5\u516c\u6b63\u7ba1\u7406\u6cd5\u300b(Impartial Administration of justice Act)\uff0c\u6cd5\u6848\u6388\u6743\u628a\u88ab\u63a7\u72af\u6709\u6b7b\u7f6a\u7684\u7687\u5bb6\u5b98\u5458\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u9001\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u9001\u56de\u82f1\u56fd\u3002\u524d\u9762\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u300a\u8425\u533a\u6cd5\u300b\u53c8\u505a\u4e86\u4e9b\u4fee\u6539\uff0c\u52a0\u5927\u603b\u7763\u4e3a\u519b\u961f\u627e\u623f\u5b50\u7684\u6743\u529b\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e0a\u8fd8\u540c\u65f6\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u300a\u9b41\u5317\u514b\u6cd5\u6848\u300b(Quebec Act)\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6cd5\u6848\u7684\u901a\u8fc7\u8d77\u5230\u4f5c\u7528\u4e86\u5417\uff1f\u8bf7\u770b\u4e0b\u7bc7\u300a\u5927\u9646\u4f1a\u8bae\u300b<\/a>\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u591a\u8bf7\u770b\uff1a<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 001 \u2013 \u6b27\u6d32\u4eba\u7684\u68a6\u60f3<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 002 \u2013 \u54e5\u4f26\u5e03\u53d1\u73b0\u65b0\u5927\u9646<\/a><\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 003 \u2013 \u63a2\u7d22\u65b0\u4e16\u754c\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 004 \u2013 \u897f\u73ed\u7259\u5f81\u670d\u8005<\/a><\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 005 \u2013 \u897f\u73ed\u7259\u6b96\u6c11\u8005<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 006 \u2013\u00a0\u82f1\u683c\u5170\u7684\u5927\u822a\u6d77<\/a><\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 007 \u2013 \u5f17\u5409\u5c3c\u4e9a\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 008 \u2013 \u4e94\u6708\u82b1\u53f7\u548c\u6e05\u6559\u5f92<\/a><\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 009 \u2013 \u5b97\u6559\u4e0e\u81ea\u7531<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 010 \u2013 \u65b0\u8377\u5170\u548c\u65b0\u745e\u5178<\/a><\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 011 \u2013 \u4f69\u79d1\u7279\u6218\u4e89\u00a0<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 012 \u2013 \u83f2\u5229\u666e\u738b\u4e4b\u6218\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 013 \u2013 \u5357\u65b9\u6b96\u6c11\u5730\u7684\u6269\u5c55<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 014 \u2013 \u5217\u5f3a\u4e89\u9738<\/a><\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 015 \u2013 \u6cd5\u56fd\u5370\u7b2c\u5b89\u6218\u4e89<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 016 \u2013\u00a0\u4e54\u6cbb\u56fd\u738b\u5212\u4e86\u4e00\u6761\u7ebf<\/a><\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 017 \u2013 \u65e0\u4ee3\u8868\u4e0d\u7eb3\u7a0e<\/a>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u7f8e\u56fd\u5386\u53f2 018 \u2013\u00a0\u5927\u9646\u4f1a\u8bae<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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